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Ali ibn Muhammad from Sahl ibn Ziyad and Muhammad ibn Yahya from Ahmad ibn Muhammad

ibn ‘Isa all from ibn Mahbub from abu ’Usama from Hisham ibn Salim from abu Hamza from

abu Ishaq al-Sabay‘i from one who narrated it from a reliable source from Imam Alia.s who has

said the following:

“After Holy Prophets.a.w.w, people started following three kinds of people as their ‘wali’

(master). One group went to a divinely well-guided scholar. Allahswt had given him such

a high degree of knowledge, which made him eloquently independent of the knowledge

of the others. The second group was the ignorant one, who claimed to have knowledge

but in fact they had no knowledge. This was an egoistic group. The worldly attractions

had made them to lose sight of the truth and they did the same to their followers. The

third group consisted of those people who learned from a divinely guided scholar who

taught them for the sake of Allahswt and for their salvation. It then was obvious that those

who claimed (to be scholars while, in fact, they were not scholars) and those who forged

certain matters falsely were destroyed.”

Tradition 3.2 H 54, Ch. 3, h 2

Al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Ash’ari has narrated from Mu‘alla ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan

ibn Ali al-Washsha’ from Ahmad ibn ‘A’idh from abu Khadija Salim ibn Mukram from Abu

‘Abdallaha.s who has said the following:

“People are of three kinds: The scholars, the learning group and the garbled ones.”

Tradition 3.3 H 55, Ch. 3, h 3

Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from ‘Abdallah ibn Muhammad from Ali ibn al-Hakam from

al-‘Ala’ ibn Razin from Muhammad ibn Muslim from abu Hamza al-Thumali who has said the

following:

“Abu ‘Abdallaha.s said this, “Be a scholar or a learning person or love the scholars. Do

not become of the fourth type lest you will be destroyed by their hatred.’”

Tradition 3.4 H 56, Ch. 3, h 4

Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Yunus from Jamil who has

said the following:

“I heard Imam Abu ‘Abdallaha.s saying, ‘People become of three groups: Scholars, those

who learn and confused ones. We are the scholars. Our followers are the ones who

learn. The rest of the people are chaotic ones.’”

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Chapter Two

Quality of knowledge its virtue and the virtue of the scholars

Tradition 2.1

Muhammad ibn al-Hassan has narrated from Ali ibn Muhammad from Sahl ibn Ziyad

from Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from ‘Ubaudallah al-Dihqan from Durust al-Wasiti from Ibrahim

ibn ‘Abd al-Hamid from abu al-Hassan Musaa.s who has said the following:

“Once the Holy Prophets.a.w.w entered the Mosque and found a group of people gathered

around a man. He asked, “who is he?” It was said that he was a ‘allamah’. Prophets.a.w.w

then enquired, “What does that mean?” They replied that he is the most learned man

about the genealogy, the chronology, and the history of the pre-Islamic days of darkness

and the poetry of Arabs. Prophets.a.w.w said, for this kind of knowledge there is no harm in

not learning it or benefit in acquiring it. ‘The holy Prophets.a.w.w then explained those

people that “Knowledge consists of only three kinds: A strong sign, a justly enjoined

obligation and an established tradition. Other then these are of the extra achievements.”’

Tradition 2.2 (H 45, Ch. 2, h 2)

Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Muhammad ibn

Khalid from abu al-Bakhtari from Abu ‘Abdallahas who has said the following:

“The scholars are the heirs of the prophets because the prophets did not leave any

Dirham or Dinar, (units of money) as their legacy. What they left was certain pieces of

their statements. Those who acquired a fraction of the knowledge of their statements,

certainly have accumulated a large share. However, you must be very careful, when

acquiring such knowledge, and judge the teachers of this knowledge. Among us (the

Ahlul Baytas, family of the holy Prophets.a.w.w) after every one there comes a just person

(masoomas) who removes (and exposes) the forgeries of the exaggerators from it

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(Knowledge), the infiltrated materials of the fallacious ones and the interpretations of the

ignorant ones.”

Tradition 2.3 H 46, Ch. 2, h 3

Al-Hassan ibn Muhammad has narrated from Mu‘alla ibn Muhammad from al-Hassan ibn Ali al-

Washsha’ from Hammad ibn ‘Uthman from Abu ‘Abdallahas who has said the following:

“When Allahswt wants to bless a person He gives him good understanding of religion.”

Tradition 2.4 H 47, Ch. 2, h 4

Muhammad ibn ’Isma‘il has narrated from Fadl ibn Shadhan from Hammad ibn ‘Isa from Rab‘i

ibn ‘Abdallah from a man from Abu Ja‘faras who has said the following:

“The entirety of excellence and perfection in (knowledge) is; (a), good understanding of

religion, (b) exercise of patience in affliction and (c) setting up of means of living.”

Tradition 2.5 H 48, Ch. 2, h 5

Muhammad ibn Yahya has narrated from Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Isa from Muhammad ibn

Sinan from ’Isma‘il ibn Jabir from Abu ‘Abdallahas who has said the following:

“The scholars are trust worthy people, the pious ones are the strongholds and the

successors (of the holy Prophetsaww) are the leaders (Masomeenas).” In another Hadith it is

said, “The scholars are the light houses, the pious people are the strongholds and the

successors (of the holy Prophetsaww) are the leaders (Masomeenas).”

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Tradition 2.6 H 49, Ch. 2, h 6

Ahmad ibn Idris has narrated from Muhammad ibn Hassa’n from Idris ibn al-Hassan from abu

Ishaq al-Kindi from Bashir al-Dahhan from Abu ‘Abdallahas who has said the following:

“O Bashir, there is nothing good in those of our people who do not acquire (Fiqh) good

understand of religion. If one of them does not has a good understanding of the religion

he would need to ask from those who oppose us. When he would do so, they will lead

him into their straying ways in a manner that he would not even realize.”

Tradition 2.7 H 50, Ch. 2, h 7

Ali ibn Muhammad has narrated from Sahl ibn Ziyad from al-Nawfali from al-Sakuni from Abu

‘Abdallahas who has narrated from his ancestors from the Holy Prophet (s.a.), who has

said the following:

“There is nothing good in life except for two kinds of people: the one who listen and acts

accordingly and the one who listens carefully and remembers it by heart.”

Tradition 2.8 H 51, Ch. 2, h 8

Ali ibn Ibrahim has narrated from his father from ibn abu ‘Umayr and Muhammad ibn Yahya

from Ahmad ibn Muhammad from ibn abu ‘Umayr from Sayf ibn ‘Umayr from abu Hamza from

Abu Ja‘faras who has said the following:

“A scholar who benefits from his knowledge (by practising it) is better than seventy

thousand worshippers.”

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Tradition 2.9 H 52, Ch. 2, h 9

Al-Hassan ibn Muhammad has narrated from Ahmad ibn Ishaq from Sa‘dan ibn Muslim from

Mu‘awiya ibn ‘Ammar who has said the following:

“I asked (Imam) Abu ‘Abdallahas, “There is a man who recounts your Hadith and spreads

them among people and helps your followers to correct their beliefs. In comparision,

there is a worshipper among your followers who does not narrate your Hadith. Who is

better than the other one?” The Imamas replied, “The one who narrates our Hadith and

helps our followers in correcting their beliefs, is better than seventy thousand

worshippers.”

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All praise belongs to Allahswt May Allahswt send peace and blessings upon

Hazrat Muhammadsaww and his holy progeny.